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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Asian brown cloud ： ウィキペディア英語版 Asian brown cloud The Indian Ocean brown cloud or Asian brown cloud is a layer of air pollution that recurrently covers parts of South Asia, namely the northern Indian Ocean, India, and Pakistan. Viewed from satellite photos, the cloud appears as a giant brown stain hanging in the air over much of South Asia and the Indian Ocean every year between January and March, possibly also during earlier and later months. The term was coined in reports from the UNEP Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX).〔Ramanathan, Veerabhadran ''et al.'' (2002) (''The Asian brown cloud climate and other environmental impacts: impact study'' ) Center for Clouds, Chemistry and Climate, United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi Kenya, ISBN 92-807-2240-9, accessed 8 December 2008〕 The term ''atmospheric brown cloud'' is used for a more generic context not specific to the Asian region. ==Causes== The Asian brown cloud is created by a range of airborne particles and pollutants from combustion (e.g., woodfires, cars, and factories), biomass burning and industrial processes with incomplete burning. The cloud is associated with the winter monsoon (November/December to April) during which there is no rain to wash pollutants from the air.〔Petit, C. W. (2003) "A darkening sky: A smoky shroud over Asia blocks both sun and rain" ''U.S. News & World Report'' (17 March 2003), 134(8): pp. 46-8〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Asian brown cloud」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.